The catalyst also known as catalyst, in the definition of the junior middle school stage isis to change the rate of a chemical reaction, and quality, chemical composition and properties of the material itself remained unchanged before and after participating in a chemical reaction. For example, manganese dioxide can be used as hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide) decomposition catalysts. Catalystand catalyst for inverse catalyst, catalyst to contribute to the reaction to the positive direction, help to reverse direction in the inverse catalyst reaction.
Catalyst and reactant in the same phase, there is no phase of reaction, called homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst can be homogeneous catalysis forhomogeneous catalyst. Homogeneous catalysts including liquid acid, alkali catalyst and color Seth solid acid and alkaline catalyst. Soluble transition metal compounds(salts and complexes) etc.. Homogeneous catalysts with molecules or ions of independent action, activity center is uniform, with high activity and high selectivity.
Enzymes are biocatalysts, organic plant, animal and microorganism has a catalyticability (the vast majority of proteins. But a small amount of RNA also has abiological catalysis), formerly known as enzyme. Chemical reactions of the bodyalmost all in under the catalysis of enzyme. The enzyme catalysis has a selectivity.For example, starch. Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of starch into dextrin and maltose, protease catalyzed hydrolysis of proteins into peptides.
Living organisms use them to accelerate the chemical reactions in the body.Without the enzyme, many chemical reactions in living organisms will be slow,difficult to sustain life. At about 37 ℃ temperature (body temperature), enzymeworking condition is the best. If the temperature is higher than 50 ℃ or 60 ℃,enzyme will be destroyed and can no longer function.
Therefore, using biological detergent enzymes to break down stains on clothing,the use of the most efficient at low temperature. Enzyme in physiology, medicine,agriculture, industry and so on, are of great significance. At present, the applicationof enzyme preparation is more widely. Like enzyme preparation can be used as acatalyst in industry, some enzyme or precious medicine.